Kurukshetra was earlier called Thanesar or Sthaneswar. The name Thanesar was derived from the Sanskrit 'Sthaneshwar', which can be translated to 'place of god'. Kurukshetra is a place of religious importance and is among the oldest cities of the country. Thanesar is an ancient city located in Kurukshetra.

The emergence of Vardhana clan took place in Thanesar. In Buddhist and Jain literature, Thanesar is mentioned in the name of Thun or Thuna village.

Hence, option A is correct.

The correct answer is Kurukshetra. It is home to Asia's second-largest grain market.

Kurukshetra, located in Haryana, is home to one of Asia’s largest grain markets, specifically recognized for its significant contribution to the agricultural trade in the region. The city is strategically located in the fertile region of Haryana, which is one of India’s major agricultural hubs.

The grain market in Kurukshetra serves as an essential center for the trade of wheat, rice, and other crops. This market has gained prominence due to its size, diversity of agricultural products, and its importance in the grain trade at both the national and international levels. The fact that it is Asia's second-largest grain market underscores its critical role in the agricultural supply chain.

Kurukshetra's market is supported by the area's agricultural output, which benefits from the fertile soil and irrigation systems, making it an essential trading point for farmers, traders, and industries that depend on these grains.

1. Historical and Geographical Significance:

Kurukshetra, located in Haryana, is not just known for its historical importance (it is the site of the epic battle of the Mahabharata) but also for its agricultural prowess. The region is part of the Indo-Gangetic plains, a highly fertile area well-suited for large-scale farming. The land here is nourished by rivers like the Yamuna and its tributaries, making it an ideal area for growing a variety of crops, especially wheat, rice, and other grains.

2. Agricultural Importance:

Haryana, where Kurukshetra is located, is one of India's leading agricultural states. The state is a key player in the production of wheat and rice, two of India’s staple crops. Kurukshetra’s grain market benefits from this large agricultural output, handling a wide range of grains, including wheat, rice, barley, and pulses.

3. The Role of the Grain Market:

The grain market in Kurukshetra is known for its vast scale and capacity. It serves as a major center for the buying and selling of grains not just in Haryana but across northern India. Farmers from surrounding areas bring their harvests to the market, where they are sold to wholesalers, traders, and government agencies. This grain market facilitates trade on a massive scale, making it a crucial part of the region's economy.

Kurukshetra is also known for its “mandis” (marketplaces) where grain is auctioned in large quantities. The government also plays an essential role in the procurement of grains, particularly wheat and rice, through Minimum Support Price (MSP) schemes, which benefit both farmers and the larger food security system.

Hence Option C Is Correct.

The Cooperative Sugar Mill in Kurukshetra is located in Shahabad, a town within the district. Shahabad is situated in the western part of Kurukshetra and is known for its agricultural activities, which are the backbone of the local economy. The establishment of the Cooperative Sugar Mill in Shahabad has played a significant role in the region’s agrarian economy by providing farmers with a reliable market for sugarcane. This mill processes large quantities of sugarcane, helping local farmers and contributing to the agricultural development of the area.

Shahabad, being a major agricultural hub, has a large number of farms dedicated to the cultivation of sugarcane, along with other crops like wheat, rice, and oilseeds. The Cooperative Sugar Mill serves as an essential processing unit where sugarcane grown by local farmers is converted into sugar and other by-products. This not only provides farmers with an income source but also helps in the economic development of the region by creating jobs and supporting related industries.

The Cooperative Sugar Mill in Shahabad is also important for its contribution to the local economy and rural development. By processing sugarcane locally, the mill reduces transportation costs for farmers, which is a crucial factor in ensuring they receive fair prices for their produce. The mill is part of a cooperative system, meaning that it is owned and operated by the farmers themselves or by a group of stakeholders, ensuring that the benefits remain within the community. This model promotes collective growth and prosperity in the area.

In addition to sugar production, the mill has spurred the development of other ancillary industries, such as the production of ethanol, jaggery, and molasses. These by-products are valuable for both domestic use and industrial applications, further boosting the local economy. The presence of the Cooperative Sugar Mill in Shahabad has helped the town maintain its importance as an agricultural and industrial center in Kurukshetra, contributing to its overall economic and social well-being.

Hence Option A is Correct.